谭词｜“卖座大片”“杀青”英文怎么说——电影制作词汇学起来

原标题：谭词｜“卖座大片”“杀青”英文怎么说——电影制作词汇学起来◆ ◆ ◆ ◆That’s a Wrap!—The Origins of Filmic Language拍摄完工！——电影语言的起源◆ ◆ ◆ ◆By Allison Wright“Film is history.”“电影就是历史”I’m reminded in the above quote by Martin Scorsese that film and history are inextricably linked. By its very nature, a film is a historical artifact—a record of some past action that preserves the moment for time to come.马丁·斯科塞斯在上述引言中提醒我们，电影与历史密不可分。就其性质而言，电影就是一件历史制品，记录了过往的一些行为，为未来保留了珍贵的时刻。Film, as a medium, also has its own history. It’s astounding to me that filmmaking, which has always exemplified the innovative uses of modern technology, has now been around for well over a century. And the words that have sprouted up and evolved since the inception of the art form have roots that are simply begging to be explored.电影，作为一种媒介，也有其自己的历史。电影制作一直以来都是现代科技创新应用的典范，令人惊叹的是，它已走过了一个多世纪。自电影诞生以来涌现和发展起来的词语源自哪里，还有待人们进一步探索。Here are a few of the more notable origins from words commonly used in filmmaking:以下是电影制作常用词汇一些较值得注意的起源：Blockbuster卖座大片A blockbuster film is one that achieves, or is intended to achieve, massive commercial success. The term has military roots, originating in the wartime decade of the 1940s to denote a destructive aerial bomb. The force of the explosion was capable of demolishing an entire block of buildings, hence ‘block’ + ‘buster.’ A blockbuster film is usually expected to break box office records and destroy its competition.一部blockbuster film（轰动一时的电影）即已取得或待取得巨大商业成功的电影。该词具军事背景，源于20世纪40年代十年战时，指一种破坏性的空用炸弹。其爆炸力能够摧毁整个街区的建筑物，因此是 block＋buster。通常情况下，blockbuster film即一部预计能打破票房纪录并碾压竞争对手的电影。Cliffhanger悬念Now mostly attributed to television and suspenseful novels, cliffhanger has been used since the 1930s to denote a storytelling device in serialized filmmaking in which the episodic plot ends in unresolved suspense. The etymology ‘cliff’ + ‘hanger’ is pretty explicit, and provides a vivid image: a person dangles off the edge of a cliff, and we, the audience who wish to know whether this person will survive or perish, are also left hanging. Until we tune in next time, that is.cliffhanger现主要归因于电视和悬疑小说，自20世纪30年代以来一直用来表示一种系列摄制的叙事手法，其中每一集情节以悬念结束。词源 cliff＋hanger非常明确且形象生动：一个人悬在悬崖边上，观众们迫切想知道这个人是否会活下来，结果却悬而未决，直到我们下次收看。Cutting-room floor剪辑室The phrase “end up on the cutting-room floor” is widely used in filmmaking to denote parts of a film that have been edited out, or cut, from the final product. The term “cutting room,” that designates a place in which the cutting of materials is done, reaches as far back as at least the early 18th century and encompasses a variety of manual labor – including working with textiles and meat, and even for a time meant a room in which a surgery is held. In the lexicon of the film industry, the cutting-room floor refers to the discarded strips of film literally cut from the reel. While digital filmmaking has now made the physical cutting-room more or less obsolete, it still remains a valid and common way of talking about scenes or lines from a film that have been edited out.短语end up on the cutting-room floor广泛用于电影摄制，表示从最终作品中剪辑或删除的电影片断。词语cutting room指材料剪辑完成的地方，该词至少可追溯到18世纪初，涵盖各种体力劳动——包括纺织品和肉类相关工作，甚至有段时间指代进行手术的房间。在电影业词汇中，cutting-room floor指从电影胶片卷盘上剪切掉的废弃胶片条。虽然现在数字电影制作已使实体cutting-room（剪辑室）或多或少过时了，但在讨论已剪辑电影的场景或台词时，它仍是一种有效且常见的方式。Green light放映许可When a film project has been green-lit, it has been given the go-ahead, or permission, from the studio higher-ups. The noun green light has been around since the late 1830s, and was first attributed to the railway. It was (and still is) a traffic signal that notified train conductors when and how to proceed. Interestingly, the green light originally indicated to conductors to slow down, with a white light giving the “all-clear.” Red, however, appears to have always meant stop.当一个电影项目被green-lit（给予绿灯），即表示该电影已获得制片方上级的放行或准许。名词green light大约出现在19世纪30年代末，最初是用于铁路方面。过去（现在仍）指代交通信号，通知列车员何时以及如何行进。有趣的是，绿灯最初是指示列车员减速，白灯表示“放行”。而红灯则似乎始终意味着“停止”。In the can杀青When a film sequence or project is in the can, that means it is done, finito. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the phrase relates to the verb form of can that means “to preserve by sealing up air-tight in a can.” In film contexts, the act of can