Spring JDBC 示例

由 陈 创建，Alma 最后一次修改 2016-08-12 Spring JDBC 示例想要理解带有 jdbc 模板类的 Spring JDBC 框架的相关概念，让我们编写一个简单的示例，来实现下述 Student 表的所有 CRUD 操作。CREATE TABLE Student( ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, AGE INT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ID));在继续之前，让我们适当地使用 Eclipse IDE 并按照如下所示的步骤创建一个 Spring 应用程序：步骤描述1创建一个名为 SpringExample 的项目，并在创建的项目中的 src 文件夹下创建包 com.tutorialspoint。2使用 Add External JARs 选项添加必需的 Spring 库，解释见 Spring Hello World Example 章节。3在项目中添加 Spring JDBC 指定的最新的库 mysql-connector-java.jar，org.springframework.jdbc.jar 和 org.springframework.transaction.jar。如果这些库不存在，你可以下载它们。4创建 DAO 接口 StudentDAO 并列出所有必需的方法。尽管这一步不是必需的而且你可以直接编写 StudentJDBCTemplate 类，但是作为一个好的实践，我们最好还是做这一步。5在 com.tutorialspoint 包下创建其他的必需的 Java 类 Student，StudentMapper，StudentJDBCTemplate 和 MainApp 。6确保你已经在 TEST 数据库中创建了 Student 表。并确保你的 MySQL 服务器运行正常，且你可以使用给出的用户名和密码读/写访问数据库。7在 src 文件夹下创建 Beans 配置文件 Beans.xml。8最后一步是创建所有的 Java 文件和 Bean 配置文件的内容并按照如下所示的方法运行应用程序。以下是数据访问对象接口文件 StudentDAO.java 的内容：package com.tutorialspoint;import java.util.List;import javax.sql.DataSource;public interface StudentDAO { /** * This is the method to be used to initialize * database resources ie. connection. */ public void setDataSource(DataSource ds); /** * This is the method to be used to create * a record in the Student table. */ public void create(String name, Integer age); /** * This is the method to be used to list down * a record from the Student table corresponding * to a passed student id. */ public Student getStudent(Integer id); /** * This is the method to be used to list down * all the records from the Student table. */ public List<Student> listStudents(); /** * This is the method to be used to delete * a record from the Student table corresponding * to a passed student id. */ public void delete(Integer id); /** * This is the method to be used to update * a record into the Student table. */ public void update(Integer id, Integer age);}下面是 Student.java 文件的内容：package com.tutorialspoint;public class Student { private Integer age; private String name; private Integer id; public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public Integer getId() { return id; }}以下是 StudentMapper.java 文件的内容：package com.tutorialspoint;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.SQLException;import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> { public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException { Student student = new Student(); student.setId(rs.getInt("id")); student.setName(rs.getString("name")); student.setAge(rs.getInt("age")); return student; }}下面是为定义的 DAO 接口 StudentDAO 的实现类文件 StudentJDBCTemplate.java：package com.tutorialspoint;import java.util.List;import javax.sql.DataSource;import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO { private DataSource dataSource; private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject; public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) { this.dataSource = dataSource; this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource); } public void create(String name, Integer age) { String SQL = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)"; jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL, name, age); System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age); return; } public Student getStudent(Integer id) { String SQL = "select * from Student where id = ?"; Student student = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForObject(SQL, new Object[]{id}, new StudentMapper()); return student; } public List<Student> listStudents() { String SQL = "select * from Student"; List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new StudentMapper()); return students; } public void delete(Integer id){ String SQL = "delete from Student where id = ?"; jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, id); System.out.println("Deleted Record with ID = " + id ); return; } public void update(Integer id, Integer age){ String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?"; jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, age, id); System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id ); return; }}以